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Chemical Constituents and Pharmacology properties of Aristolochia triangularis: a south brazilian highly-consumed botanical with multiple bioactivities
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OLIVEIRA, SIMONE Q.

; KRATZ, JADEL M.

; CHAVES, VITOR C.

; GUIMARÃES, TATIANA R.

; COSTA, DANIELLE T.M.

; DIMITRAKOUDI, SAPFO

; VONTZALIDOU, ARGYRO

; BORDIGNON, SÉRGIO A.L.

; SIMIONATO, CESAR P.

; STEINDEL, MÁRIO

; REGINATTO, FLÁVIO H.

; SIMÕES, CLÁUDIA M.O.

; SCHENKEL, ELOIR P.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2019, Volume 91 Nº 3 elocation e20180621

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract: Aristolochia triangularis Cham., is one of the most frequently used medicinal plant in Southern Brazil. Preparations containing the leaves and/or stems are traditionally used as anti-inflammatory, diuretic, as well as antidote against snakebites. This study screened A. triangularis extracts, fractions and isolated compounds for different bioactivities. A weak antiproliferative activity against human lung cancer cell line (A549) was observed only for chloroform fraction obtained from stems (CFstems - CC50: 2.93 µg/mL). Also, a moderate antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus was detected just for chloroform fraction obtained from leaves (CFleaves -13-16 mm inhibition zone). Additionally, two semi-purified fractions (CFstems-4 and CFleaves-4) selectively inhibited HSV-1 replication (IC50 values of 0.40 and 2.61 µg/mL, respectively), while only CFleaves showed promising results against Leishmania amazonensis. Fractionation of extracts resulted in the isolation of one neolignan (-) cubebin and one lignan (+) galbacin. However, these compounds are not responsible for the in vitro bioactivities herein detected. The presence of aristolochic acid I and aristolochic acid II in the crude ethanol extract of stems (CEEstems) and leaves (CEEleaves) was also investigated. The HPLC analysis of these extracts did not display any peak with retention time or UV spectra comparable to aristolochic acids I and II.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201920180621 1213 downloads

Spermidine alkaloid from Banara parviflora
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Moritz, Maria Izabel G.

; Zimmermann, Lara A.

; Bordignon, Sérgio A.L.

; Caro, Miguel S.B.

; Cabrera, Gabriela M.

; Palermo, Jorge A.

; Schenkel, Eloir P.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Dez 2016, Volume 26 Nº 6 Páginas 759 - 762

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Banara parviflora (A. Gray) Benth. is a species that belongs to Salicaceae family and is native to Southern Brazil. Fractionation of the ethanolic extract from Banara parviflora leaves afforded, a new compound identified as N 1,N 8-dibenzoylspermidinyl-N 4-acetamide, a spermidine alkaloid. The structure was elucidated by spectroscopic methods (IR, MS, 1H, 13C and 2-D NMR).

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2016.06.003 545 downloads

Comparative central effects of the aqueous leaf extract of two populations of Passiflora edulis
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Ayres, Adriana S.F.S.J.

; Araújo, Luana L.S. de

; Soares, Thaciane C.

; Costa, Geison M.

; Reginatto, Flávio H.

; Ramos, Freddy A.

; Castellanos, Leonardo

; Schenkel, Eloir P.

; Soares-Rachetti, Vanessa P.

; Zucolotto, Silvana M.

; Gavioli, Elaine C.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Out 2015, Volume 25 Nº 5 Páginas 499 - 505

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACTPassiflora edulis Sims, Passifloraceae, has been used in Brazilian traditional folk medicine to the treatment of anxiety and insomnia. P. edulis is commonly known for its economic interests in Brazil. This species exhibits significant variability in the fruit rind color, then two subpopulations has been described (P. edulis fo. flavicarpa O. Deg. (PEF); P. edulis fo. edulis (PEE)). This study compared phytochemical profile and biological actions of aqueous leaf extract of PEE and PEF. HPLC analysis showed marked distinct chromatograms to the P. edulisvarieties. However, in both extracts the major compounds observed were flavonoids C-glycosides. Behavioral studies showed that PEE (300 mg/kg, p.o.) and PEF (100 and 300 mg/kg, p.o.) reduced anxiety in the elevated plus maze test. PEE (300 and 1000 mg/kg, p.o.) and PEF (1000 mg/kg, p.o.) also induced antidepressant-like actions in the forced swimming test. PEE 1000 mg/kg significantly reduced distance moved, thus suggesting sedation. No alterations in sleeping time were observed with PEE and PEF extracts. In conclusion, despite the similarities between the biological actions observed for both P. edulis varieties, quite different phytochemical profile was herein reported. These data suggest that the anxiolytic and antidepressant actions are not due to a specific phytochemical component.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2015.06.007 1711 downloads

Involvement of GABAergic pathway in the sedative activity of apigenin, the main flavonoid from Passiflora quadrangularis pericarp
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Gazola, Andressa C.

; Costa, Geison M.

; Castellanos, Leonardo

; Ramos, Freddy A.

; Reginatto, Flávio H.

; Lima, Thereza C.M. de

; Schenkel, Eloir P.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Abr 2015, Volume 25 Nº 2 Páginas 158 - 163

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract In the current study we showed that oral administration of an aqueous extract of Passiflora quadrangularis L., Passifloraceae, pericarp results in a significant prolongation of the sleep duration in mice evaluated in the ethyl ether-induced hypnosis test which indicates sedative effects. Apigenin, the main flavonoid of the extract, induced a similar sedative response when applied alone, at a dose equivalent to that found in the extract, suggesting that apigenin is mediating the sedative effects of P. quadrangularis extract. In addition, the sedative effect of apigenin was blocked by pretreatment with the benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil (1 mg/kg), suggesting an interaction of apigenin with gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors. However, apigenin at concentrations 0.1–50 µM failed to enhance GABA-induced currents through GABAA receptors (α1β2γ2S) expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Nevertheless, based on our results, we suggest that the in vivo sedative effect of the P. quadrangularis extract and its main flavonoid apigenin maybe be due to an enhancement of the GABAergic system.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2015.03.009 2993 downloads

The influence of leaf age on methylxanthines, total phenolic content, and free radical scavenging capacity of Ilex paraguariensisaqueous extracts
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Blum-Silva, Carlos H.

; Chaves, Vitor C.

; Schenkel, Eloir P.

; Coelho, Geraldo C.

; Reginatto, Flávio H.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Fev 2015, Volume 25 Nº 1 Páginas 1 - 6

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Yerba-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil., Aquifoliaceae) is a South American native species that is widely used for its industrial potential in the preparation of drinks, teas and cosmetics. Its properties are directly related to the presence of its chemical constituents, such as saponins, methylxanthines and phenolic compounds. This study aimed to investigate the influence of leaf age on methylxanthine and total phenolic contents by High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy, as well as on free radical scavenging capacity, of aqueous extracts of I. paraguariensis leaves. The results showed great variability in all the metabolites measured. Leaf ageing significantly increased the methylxanthine content and total phenolic content of the extracts. Free radical scavenging capacity was also significantly affected (p < 0.05) by leaf age. A positive correlation was observed, between the antioxidant activity and total phenolic content.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2015.01.002 1824 downloads

DI-HIDROCUCURBITACINA B: SEMI-SÍNTESE DE NOVOS DERIVADOS GLICOSILADOS
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Machado, Vanessa R.

; Lang, Karen L.

; Durán, Fernando J.

; Cabrera, Gabriela M.

; Palermo, Jorge A.

; Schenkel, Eloir P.

; Bernardes, Lílian S. C.

Química Nova

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Jan 2015, Volume 38 Nº 1 Páginas 37 - 41

Resumo: Pt | Texto: Pt | PDF: Pt

In the last ten years, the interest in natural and semi-synthetic cucurbitacin derivatives has increased, primarily due their cytotoxic and anti-tumoral activities. However, the isolation of glycosylated cucurbitacins has been difficult due the presence of β-glucosidase enzyme. With the aim of obtaining new glycosylated derivatives, the glycosylation of dihydrocucurbitacin B under Köenigs-Knorr and imidate reaction conditions was studied. Novel glycoside derivatives 16-(1,2-orthoacetate-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl)-dihydrocucurbitacin B (2), 2-O-β-D-2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-galactopyranosyl dihydrocucurbitacin B (3) and 2-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl dihydrocucurbitacin B (4) were synthesized for the first time in 17% (2 and 3) and 48% (4) yields.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0100-4042.20140291 1276 downloads

Chemical and biological aspects of octocorals from the Brazilian coast
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Almeida, Maria Tereza R.

; Moritz, Maria Izabel G.

; Capel, Katia C.C.

; Pérez, Carlos D.

; Schenkel, Eloir P.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Ago 2014, Volume 24 Nº 4 Páginas 446 - 467

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

This review explores the chemical and biological aspects/results reported in the literature of the octocoral species collected at the Brazilian Coast. This article summarizes the biological activities (including pharmacological, antifouling and others related to chemical ecology) for the compounds and/or extracts described elsewhere. Data and references of compounds isolated from species belonging to the same genus, which have not been investigated in Brazil yet, are presented, emphasizing the importance for research in this area.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2014.05.002 2938 downloads

Seasonal variations in the amount of isoorientin and isovitexin in Cecropia glaziovii Sneth. leaves over a two-year period
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Costa, Geison M.

; Ortmann, Caroline F.

; Schenkel, Eloir P.

; Reginatto, Flávio H.

Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Químico - Farmacéuticas

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Jan 2014, Volume 43 Nº 1 Páginas 162 - 172

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Cecropia glaziovii Sneth. (Urticaceae) es un árbol comúnmente encontrada en el Suroriente y Sur de Brasil, siendo ampliamente utilizada en la medicina tradicional para el tratamiento de problemas cardíacos y respiratorios. Flavonoides C-glucósidos vienen siendo descritos como los compuestos mayoritarios del género, sin embargo, ningún estudio de estacionalidad de flavonoides analizados de modo individual fue realizado con ninguna especie de Cecropia. En el presente trabajo, el contenido de isoorientina e isovitexina en el extracto acuoso de las hojas de C. glaziovii durante un período de dos años fue determinado por HPLC-DAD. Variaciones estacionarias en el contenido de esos dos flavonoides C-glucósidos así como la posible correlación con la pluviosidad en el periodo de Enero/2008 hasta Enero/2010 fueron determinados. Isoorientina presentó mayor contenido en Noviembre/09 (6,04 mg/g de extracto) y menos contenido en Mayo/08 (1,01 mg/g de extracto). El mayor contenido de isovitexina fue observado in Marzo/09 y el menor contenido in Septiembre/08 (11,42 y 4,47 mg/g de extracto, respectivamente). Aunque los flavonoides poseen distintos comportamientos, no fue observada correlación entre los valores de pluviosidad y la producción de esos compuestos.

Cecropia glaziovii Sneth. (Urticaceae) is a common tree from Southeast and South of Brazil, being widely used in traditional medicine to treat heart and respiratory conditions. C-glycosylflavonoids have being described as the major compounds for this genus, however, no seasonality studies of individual flavonoids was conducted for any Cecropia specie. In this work, the content of isoorientin and isovitexin in aqueous extract from the leaves of C glaziovii during a two-year period was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Seasonal alterations in the content of these two majority C-glycosylflavonoids as well its possible correlation with the pluviosity in the period of January/2008 to January/2010 were determined. Isoorientin presented higher content in November/09 (6.04 mg/g of extract) and lower content in May/08 (1.01 mg/g of extract). The higher content of isovitexin was observed in March/09 and the lower in September/08 (11.42 and 4.47 mg/g of extract, respectively). Although they have distinct behaviors, it was not observed correlation between the values of pluviosity and the production of these C-glycosylflavonoids.

https://doi.org/10.15446/rcciquifa.v43n1.45471 1394 downloads

Evaluation of impacts of climate change and local stressors on the biotechnological potential of marine macroalgae: a brief theoretical discussion of likely scenarios
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Horta, Paulo A.

; Vieira-Pinto, Talita

; Martins, Cintia D. L.

; Sissini, Marina N.

; Ramlov, Fernanda

; Lhullier, Cintia

; Scherner, Fernando

; Sanches, Paola F.

; Farias, Julyana N.

; Bastos, Eduardo

; Bouzon, Janayna L.

; Munoz, Pamela

; Valduga, Eduardo

; Arantes, Noele P.

; Batista, Manuela B.

; Riul, Pablo

; Almeida, Rafael S.

; Paes, Eduardo

; Fonseca, Alessandra

; Schenkel, Eloir P.

; Rorig, Leonardo

; Bouzon, Zenilda

; Barufi, José Bonomi

; Colepicolo, Pio

; Yokoya, Nair

; Copertino, Margareth S.

; Oliveira, Eurico C. de

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Ago 2012, Volume 22 Nº 4 Páginas 768 - 774

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Climate change can be associated with variations in the frequency and intensity of extreme temperatures and precipitation events on the local and regional scales. Along coastal areas, flooding associated with increased occupation has seriously impacted products and services generated by marine life, in particular the biotechnological potential that macroalgae hold. Therefore, this paper analyzes the available information on the taxonomy, ecology and physiology of macroalgae and discusses the impacts of climate change and local stress on the biotechnological potential of Brazilian macroalgae. Based on data compiled from a series of floristic and ecological works, we note the disappearance in some Brazilian regions of major groups of biotechnological interest. In some cases, the introduction of exotic species has been documented, as well as expansion of the distribution range of economically important species. We also verify an increase in the similarities between the Brazilian phycogeographic provinces, although they still remain different. It is possible that these changes have resulted from the warming of South Atlantic water, as observed for its surface in southeastern Brazilian, mainly during the winter. However, unplanned urbanization of coastal areas can also produce similar biodiversity losses, which requires efforts to generate long-term temporal data on the composition, community structure and physiology of macroalgae.

3337 downloads

10.

Antiherpes screening of marine organisms from Colombian Caribbean Sea
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Silva, Izabella T.

; Caon, Thiago

; Lückemeyer, Débora D.

; Ramos, Freddy A.

; Tello, Edisson

; Arévalo-Ferro, Catalina

; Schenkel, Eloir P.

; Duque, Carmenza

; Simões, Cláudia M. O.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Ago 2011, Volume 21 Nº 4 Páginas 608 - 614

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The exploration of marine environment represents a promising strategy in the search for new active antiviral compounds. The isolation and characterization of the nucleosides spongothymidine and spongouridine from the sponge Cryptotethia crypta used as models for the synthesis of ara-A (vidarabine), that has been used therapeutically against herpetic encephalitis, was the most important contribution since the late 1970s. This paper describes the in vitro antiviral evaluation of 26 organic extracts obtained from eleven octocoral species and fifteen marine sponges. Cytotoxicity was evaluated on Vero cells by MTT assay and the antiviral activity was tested against Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1, KOS strain) by plaque number reduction assay. Results were expressed as 50% cytotoxic (CC50) and 50% inhibitory (IC50) concentrations, respectively, in order to calculate the selectivity index (SI= CC50/IC50) of each extract. Among the tested marine octocoral species, only three extracts showed antiviral activity, but with low selectivity indices (<3.0). Among the tested marine sponges, eight extracts showed SI values higher than 2.0, and three can be considered promising (Aka cachacrouense, Niphates erecta and Dragmacidon reticulatum) with SI values of 5.0, 8.0 and 11.7, respectively, meriting complementary studies in order to identify the bioactive components of these sponge extracts, which are in course now.

2497 downloads

11.

An HPLC-DAD method to quantification of main phenolic compounds from leaves of Cecropia Species
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Costa, Geison M.

; Ortmann, Caroline F.

; Schenkel, Eloir P.

; Reginatto, Flávio H.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Jun 2011, Volume 22 Nº 6 Páginas 1096 - 1102

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Um método eficiente e reprodutível por CLAE-DAD foi desenvolvido e validado para quantificação simultânea dos compostos fenólicos majoritários (ácido clorogênico, isoorientina, orientina e isovitexina) presentes nas folhas de duas espécies de Cecropia, C. glaziovii e C. pachystachya. Das folhas de C. glaziovii e C. pachystachya foram isolados os flavonoides C- glicosídeos isoorientina e isovitexina e identificados em ambas as espécies o ácido clorogênico (ácido 3-O-cafeoilquínico) e o flavonoide O-glicosídeo isoquercitrina. O flavonoide C-glicosídeo orientina foi isolado apenas da espécie C. pachystachya. O ácido clorogênico mostrou-se como composto majoritário em ambas as espécies analisadas (11,1 mg g-1 de extrato de C. glaziovii e 27,2 mg g-1 de extrato de C. pachystachya), e em relação aos flavonoides quantificados, isovitexina se apresentou como o flavonoide C-glicosídeo majoritário para C. glaziovii (4,6 mg g-1 extrato) e isoorientina majoritário para C. pachystachya (17,3 mg g-1 de extrato)

An efficient and reproducible HPLC-DAD method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of major compounds (chlorogenic acid, isoorientin, orientin and isovitexin) present in the leaves of two Cecropia species, C. glaziovii and C. pachystachya. From the leaves of C. glaziovii and C. pachystachya were isolated the C-glycosylflavones isoorientin and isovitexin and identified on both species chlorogenic acid (3-O-caffeoylquinic acid) and the O-glycosylflavonol isoquercitrin. The C-glycosylflavone orientin was isolated only from C. pachystachya. Chlorogenic acid was the major compound in both species (11.1 mg g-1 of extract of C. glaziovii and 27.2 mg g-1 of extract of C. pachystachya) and for the flavonoids quantified, isovitexin was the main C-glycosylflavonoid for C. glaziovii (4.6 mg g-1 of extract) and isoorientin the main one for C. pachystachya (17.3 mg g-1 of extract).

6046 downloads

12.

Triterpenes and new saponins from Ilex chamaedryfolia: chemotaxonomic tool to ilex species differentiation
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Lencina, Claiton L.

; Cardoso, Mariana C. de

; Zancanaro, Ivomar

; Gosmann, Grace

; Pires, Viviane S.

; Sonnet, Pascal

; Guillaume, Dominique

; Schenkel, Eloir P.

Química Nova

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2011, Volume 34 Nº 2 Páginas 222 - 225

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Three saponins were isolated from leaves of Ilex chamaedryfolia. Their structures were established by spectroscopic and mass spectrometry data as the new saponin 3β-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-3)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-20( S)-19α-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester, the new saponin 3β-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-3)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-20( S)-19α-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester and the known saponin 3β-O-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-20(R )-19α-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester. Ursolic acid and α-amyrin were also isolated.

3053 downloads

13.

Triterpenoid saponins from Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Brown
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Farias, Mareni R.

; Pértile, Roberto

; Correa, Melissa M.

; Almeida, Maria Tereza R. de

; Palermo, Jorge A.

; Schenkel, Eloir P.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2010, Volume 21 Nº 5 Páginas 927 - 933

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Das folhas de Lippia alba foram isoladas duas saponinas. As estruturas destas saponinas foram estabelecidas empregando métodos espectroscópicos, principalmente RMN mono e bi-dimensional e espectrometria de massas. Estes novos compostos foram caracterizados como ácido 3-O-β-D-glucopiranosil-28-O-(α-L-rhamnopiranosil-(1?3)-β-D-xilopiranosil-(1?4)-α-L-rhamnopiranosil-(1?2)-α-L-arabinopiranosil)-16α,23-di-hidróxi-olean-12-en-28-óico, designada Lippiasaponina I (2) e como ácido 3-O-β-D-glucopiranosil-28-O-(α-L-rhamnopiranosil-(1?3)-β-D-xilopiranosil-(1?4)-α-L-rhamnopiranosil-(1?3)-α-L-arabinopiranosil)-16α,23-di-hidróxi-olean-12-en-28-óico, designada Lippiasaponina II (3).

Two saponins were isolated from the leaves of Lippia alba. Their structures were established using one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. These new compounds were elucidated as 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-28-O-(α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1?3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1?4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1?2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl)-16α,23-dihydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acid, named as Lippiasaponin I (2) and as 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-28-O-(α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1?3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1?4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1?3)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl)-16α,23-dihydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acid, named Lippiasaponin II (3).

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14.

Chemical and anti-ulcer evaluation of Jodina rhombifolia (Hook. & Arn.) Reissek extracts
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Montanha, Jarbas A.

; Schenkel, Eloir P.

; Cardoso-Taketa, Alexandre T.

; Dresch, Ana P.

; Langeloh, Augusto

; Dallegrave, Eliane

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Mar 2009, Volume 19 Nº 1a Páginas 29 - 32

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Jodina rhombifolia (Hook. & Arn.) Reissek (Santalaceae) é uma espécie vegetal nativa do Sul do Brasil e usada externamente na medicina popular para o tratamento de úlcera na pele. Neste trabalho foi estudada a atividade antiúlcera gástrica em ratos usando como indutor ácido clorídrico/etanol. Os extratos hidroetanólico e aquoso apresentaram atividade antiúlcera no modelo utilizado. A análise cromatográfica do extrato hidroetanólico das folhas indicou a presença de C-glicosilflavonóides. Da fração n-butanólica obtida por extração seqüencial do extrato hidroetanólico foi isolada e identificada por métodos espectroscópicos a vicenina-2 como substância majoritária. Desta fração também foram identificados por CCD bidimensional, com auxílio de substâncias de referência, outros três C-glicosídeos: vitexina, orientina e swertisina.

Jodina rhombifolia (Hook. & Arn.) Reissek (Santalaceae) is a medicinal plant popularly used as an anti-ulcer medicine. The plant native from Southern Brazil was chemically investigated and tested for its in vivo gastric anti-ulcer property by chloride acid/ethanol model. The chromatographic analysis of the hydroethanol extract of its leaves revealed the presence of C-glycosylflavonoids. From the n-butanol fraction of the hydroethanol extract of its aerial parts, vicenin-2 was isolated as the main component and identified by spectroscopic methods; and, a direct comparison with authentic samples was made. This fraction afforded three other C-glycosylflavonoids: vitexin, orientin and swertisin; all of them identified by direct comparison with authentic samples. We found that the oral administration of aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts led to a significant decrease in the ulcer index.

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15.

Influência do método de extração nos teores de metilxantinas em erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis a. St.-Hil., aquifoliaceae)
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Gnoatto, Simone C. B.

; Bassani, Valquiria L.

; Coelho, Geraldo C.

; Schenkel, Eloir P.

Química Nova

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Abr 2007, Volume 30 Nº 2 Páginas 304 - 307

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Ilex paraguariensis A. St. -Hil. is a native species of southern South America. The caffeine content in Ilex paraguariensis leaves has been considered an important quality parameter for maté-derived products. In this work different extraction methods for the determination of these methylxantines are compared. The influence of the extraction conditions on the methylxanthine yields was evaluated. Extraction by decoction with acidic aqueous solution (H2SO4 4N) presented the higher efficiency in the theobromine extraction. The extraction in a Soxhlet with acidic aqueous solution and decoction with acidic aqueous solution showed the highest caffeine yield. For the concomitant theobromine and caffeine quantification, the decoction with acidic aqueous solution is suggested.

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